Drug eruption - 药疹
药疹 (Drug eruption)的特点是影响全身。
References
药物引起的皮肤反应（称为药疹）有时可能很严重。这些严重反应被称为 severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs) ，被认为危及生命。它们包括类似 Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) , toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) , acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) , and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) 的条件。虽然 SCARs 很罕见，但大约 2% 的住院患者会出现这种情况。
Adverse drug reactions involving the skin are commonly known as drug eruptions. Severe drug eruption may cause severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs), which are considered to be fatal and life-threatening, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). Although cases are relatively rare, approximately 2% of hospitalized patients are affected by SCARs.
Adverse drug reactions involving the skin are commonly known as drug eruptions. Severe drug eruption may cause severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs), which are considered to be fatal and life-threatening, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). Although cases are relatively rare, approximately 2% of hospitalized patients are affected by SCARs.
一名31岁的女性因右脚背出现无痛性红斑就诊于皮肤科。在皮秒激光治疗痤疮疤痕后，她前一天服用了一剂强力霉素（100 毫克）。去年，她在激光治疗后服用相同剂量的多西环素后，在同一部位出现了类似的问题。她没有明显的病史，也没有局部或全身其他症状，例如发烧。
A 31-year-old woman presented to the dermatology department with an asymptomatic erythematous patch on the dorsum of her right foot. She had taken 1 dose of doxycycline (100 mg) the previous day as empirical treatment after picosecond laser treatment for acne scars. She had had a similar episode the previous year on the same site, after taking the same dose of doxycycline after laser treatment. She had no notable medical history, and no other local or systemic symptoms, including fever.
A 31-year-old woman presented to the dermatology department with an asymptomatic erythematous patch on the dorsum of her right foot. She had taken 1 dose of doxycycline (100 mg) the previous day as empirical treatment after picosecond laser treatment for acne scars. She had had a similar episode the previous year on the same site, after taking the same dose of doxycycline after laser treatment. She had no notable medical history, and no other local or systemic symptoms, including fever.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) 和 toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) 是严重皮肤反应的两种形式，不同于其他皮肤病（如重度多形红斑和葡萄球菌烫伤皮肤综合征）以及药物反应。 SJS/TEN 是一种罕见且严重的反应，会导致广泛的皮肤和粘膜损伤，通常伴有全身症状。在超过 80% 的病例中，药物是原因。
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are variants of the same condition and are distinct from erythema multiforme major staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, and other drug eruptions. Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis is a rare, acute, serious, and potentially fatal skin reaction in which there are sheet-like skin and mucosal loss accompanied by systemic symptoms. Medications are causative in over 80% of cases.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are variants of the same condition and are distinct from erythema multiforme major staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, and other drug eruptions. Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis is a rare, acute, serious, and potentially fatal skin reaction in which there are sheet-like skin and mucosal loss accompanied by systemic symptoms. Medications are causative in over 80% of cases.
药疹的诊断主要通过病史和临床检查。皮肤活检、血液检查或免疫学检查也可能有用。
引起皮疹的常见药物包括抗生素和其他抗菌药物、磺胺类药物、非甾体抗炎药（NSAID）、恶性肿瘤化疗药物、抗惊厥药物和精神药物。
○ 诊断和治疗
如果发烧（体温升高），应尽快就医。应停用可疑药物（例如抗生素、非甾体抗炎药）。在去医院之前，口服抗组胺药（例如西替利嗪或氯雷他定）可能有助于缓解瘙痒和皮疹。
#Cetirizine [Zytec]
#LevoCetirizine [Xyzal]
#Loratadine [Claritin]
血液检查（CBC、LFT、嗜酸性粒细胞计数）
根据医生处方口服类固醇和抗组胺药